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"New Folk in the Old Mountains" - Newcomers in The Krkonoše Mountains after 1945
Jiřičková, Marie ; Wohlmuth, Petr (advisor) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
"New Folk in the Old Mountains" - Newcomers in The Krkonoše Mountains after 1945 Bc. Marie Jiřičková ABSTRACT The thesis "New People on Old Mountains" - Newcomers in the Krkonoše Mountains after the 1945, adheres to the post-positivist paradigm of oral history with overlap into the fields of historical anthropology and microhistory. The focus of the thesis is on the simultaneous processes of the displacement of the German-speaking population from the borderlands and on the subsequent settlement, which took place immediately after the war; demographic stabilization occurred at the turn of the 1950s and 1960s. The emphasis lies in actor subjectivity and cultural relations. The focus of the research is on oral-historical and ethnographic research in the Berlin district of Rokytnice nad Jizerou in the Krkonoše Mountains and in subsequent analysis and interpretation of data regarding theoretical anchoring. Research questions aim at the actor's reflection on the life experience of settlement, the transformation of the relationship to the mountains, and the basic specifics of the development of the Berlin district in relation to social processes such as the ascent of socialism and secularization. The thesis concludes that settlement was strongly influenced by societal changes and the onset of socialism, that...
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The Story of Křemže in the 20th Century
VAČKÁŘ, Matěj
This diploma thesis deals with the history of the small town Křemže in the 20th century. In the introduction part, two chapters are dedicated to methods which are used throughout the work, microhistory and oral history. Then the history of the previous 20th century is presented in the work, but the key part of the work is dedicated to the period of the First World War, the First Republic, the Second World War, 1945-48, everyday life until 1989 and the subsequent nineties of the 20th century. The great history of the 20th century, such as the First and Second World Wars, is interpreted in the work, but everyday life is the key point for the entire 20th century. For Křemže, this history is not anything special, in fact, it only described the national history, but this is also one of the reasons for choosing this topic for the thesis. In the First Republic chapters, there are described joyful moments such as the construction of new buildings but great hardship and poverty as well. During the Second World War, the everyday life of the population who tried to live their lives is shown. However, the work also presents the resistance activity of some inhabitants, as well as the subsequent repression. In the next part, the work deals with everyday life during the era of communist Czechoslovakia and in conclusion there are presented the biggest changes that came to Křemže in the 1990s.
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From the history of mining, processing and the use of peat in South Bohemia in the 20th century
PETRÁŠEK, Karel
The thesis describes the development of peat industry history in the South Bohemian region against the background of economic history from the beginning of the 20th century up to year 1960. The author divided the text into three main sections. The first one defines the significance of peatbogs to the landscape and analyzes the development of their legal protection. It also includes the general development of peat industry in several European countries, the basis of which is used as a collation to the situation in the territory of Czechoslovakia. The second part covers the analysis of South Bohemian peat industry in the first half of the 20th century. Based on the examples taken from a series of extractive areas and a wide range of archives, the author illustrates the differences in the raw material perception, extraction approaches and management, and the daily life of workers. From these findings, general conclusions are drawn, aiming at creating a comprehensive image of the situation. The last chapter focuses on the analysis of the influences that the changing postwar situation in the politics and economy had over the peat production. The changes which affected the peat industry in the 50s of the 20th century are drawn on the fortunes of particular sole traders and peat works. These took the position of the small businessmen as the only producers of the raw material in Czechoslovakia for the rest of the century.
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The Subjects and their Governor. Manors Točník, Zbiroh and Králův Dvůr under the Authority of Samuel Ignatius de Bois (1670-1690)
Vacek, Josef ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Sládek, Miloš (referee)
The Subjects and their Governor. Manors Točník, Zbiroh and Králův Dvůr under the Authority of Samuel Ignatius de Bois (1670-1690) Abstract The diploma thesis focuses on the relationship between subjects and lordship, which in this case is represented by governor Samuel Ignatio de Bois. He administered the dominions Točník, Zbiroh and Králův Dvůr from 1670 until his death in 1690. During the two decades of his administration, a lot of archival material has been preserved, on which it is possible to study in which situations the subjects interacted with the lords and how these meetings took place. The paper is based on three main topics: registration of subjects, housing of desolate farms and dismissal of subjects on foreign dominions. Relevant sources were analysed for each of these topics and the findings were built on their basis. The main sources include, in particular, lists of subjects, correspondence between the governor and the Bohemian Royal Chamber, land books and the rich file material of the Zbiroh dominion. The main findings of the work include a description of the mechanisms of dismissal proceedings, the method of registration of subjects and the way in which the governor tried to occupy the empty farms. In all these cases, not only the pressure of the governor on the solution he is pushing for...
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The life of secret agent Vojtěch Kučera: microhistorical study
Veselý, Vojtěch ; Činátl, Kamil (advisor) ; Michela, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis intends to introduce the life story of Vojtěch Kučera, "agent-walker", who undertook at least twenty-six illegal border crossing across Czechoslovakia border during the years 1946 - 1954. During his last illegal border crossing he was catched, accused of espionage and then sentenced to 25 years imprisonment in the year 1955. The first part of the thesis is based on three variations of Kučera's life story. These three stories are constructed (and later deconstructed ) by using informations from family memories, Kučera's statement as well as from the film Agent K vypovídá. The second part of the thesis is based on several microhistorical probes. By using microhistorical analysis we aim to understand Kučera's thinking, behaving and motivations.
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Benešov and the changes of its society 1918-1921
Jiráň, Jan ; Šedivý, Ivan (advisor) ; Čechurová, Jana (referee)
The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to analyze if, respectively how much society in Benešov changed after first WWI. I was inspired by microhistory, comparison and probe method to map the period. I try to depict, how the society in Benešov developed. My main intention is to show, that development society in Benešov was after WWI mostly discontinuous, however we can find some examples of continuity. To be specific I research problems of municipal politics, education, Church, army, culture or associational life. They are questions that cannot by simply answered, for example one of them was Konopiště castle case. Described events are put in nationwide context. The main sources for my thesis were regional origin sources. Another information to my topic I got from contemporary press.
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Gastronomy as a part of life style in the Czech national print media in the period between the wars in Czechoslovak Republic
Zábrodská, Kristina ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Vošahlíková, Pavla (referee) ; Burešová, Jana (referee)
The doctoral thesis Gastronomy as a part of life style in the Czech national print media in the period between the wars in Czechoslovak Republic presents the results of eight years long research of food journalism in the Czech press between 1918 and 1938. This period called First Republic is often seen, due the positive sentiment, as a modern, democratic and prosperous state. The reality is a different. This text presents just a little part of picture of life style during First Republic which is gastronomy. That mirrors the economic and social level of the society. This text reflects critically the historical facts. The assumption, that print media pay regularly attention to the gastronomy as an integral part of life is important idea of this research. The content analysis proofs, that food journalism had its own section in the analyzed daily print, although media didn't used this kind of terminology. Five national newspapers (Lidové noviny, Národní politika, České slovo, Právo lidu and Venkov) were issued in the period 1918-1938 and newspapers Rudé právo established 1920 are included in the analysis. The selection of these (media) reflects the whole social-political spectrum of the audience. It could be assumed, that the selected newspapers represent the whole plurality of opinions. The analysis...
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Hugo Vavrečka's War. Microhistory From the Threshold of Contemporary History (1945-1952)
Wohlmuth Markupová, Jana ; Putna, Martin (advisor) ; Vaněk, Miroslav (referee) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee)
The dissertation focuses on the microhistorical analysis of the last years of the life of Hugo Vavrečka (1880-1952), technician, journalist, economist, diplomat and sales director of the Baťa company. The theoretical and methodological part elaborates on the epistemological differences between biographical and microhistorical research, after which attention is paid especially to the possibilities of microhistorical research in the field of contemporary history. The methodology of clues (Carlo Ginzburg) and the researcher's own positionality follow, while the sources used are presented. The interpretative part briefly summarizes the basic outlines of Hugo Vavrečka's life before 1944, after which the main research focus is put on his actions from autumn 1944 to his death in August 1952. Thesis analyses Vavrečka's post-war life, his own attitude to the personal and socio- political situation, to its changes, trying to name the approaches and individual motivations or beliefs with which he chose them. Last but not least, the work also focuses on the broader context of his family and friends, as well as on at least partially exposing the steps of his post-war opponents, who largely led him into this uneasy situation.
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Retirement home in Rozsochatec 1952-1956
Julišová, Adéla ; Wohlmuth Markupová, Jana (advisor) ; Mücke, Pavel (referee)
This diploma thesis is a microhistorical case study into the field of regional history. It examines the work of the state institutional social care facility - Retirement home in the village Rozsochatec, where the nursing staff cared for the elderly and non-independent people. The staff consisted of nuns of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament and several laical helpers between 1952 and 1956. Moreover, the daily life was shaped by the presence of the Roman Catholic priest, as well as by the constant supervision of the district church secretary. The main purpose of this work is an insight into the everydayness of this specific social facility - medical and nursing care, supplying, meals, hygiene, home cleaning and, last but not least, leisure time, spiritual and political life inside the Retirement home are explored. In addition, the work deals with individual actors (social groups) and the chateau building in the village Rozsochatec, in which the social care institution was located. It describes the relationship of the socialist state to the nuns after 1948 and portray one small religious community. This diploma thesis is based on the field archival and oral-historical research and provides insight into the 1950s against a background of emerging state social care. Keywords:...
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Village of Dobra Voda nearby Jablonec nad Nisou in 20 th Century. An Experimental Microhistorical Survey.
Brus, Filip ; Koura, Petr (advisor) ; Hnilica, Jiří (referee)
The introduction of the thesis includes a subchapter, which briefly mentions the history of the village before the 20th century; which is primarily researched. The thesis is further divided into three main chapters. The first of them introduces the population development of a Northbohemian village named Dobrá Voda u Jablonce nad Nisou in the 20th century. The second part examines the historical development of the village in the same period of time with considering the local history as well as the history of Czechoslovakia. This part of the thesis is always sectioned to a part concerning Dobrá Voda and to a contextual part solving bigger historical events and thein influence on the examined location. That is mostly represented by the major historical twists which set in during the 20th century. These are primarily the first world war, the establishment of Czechoslovakia, the beginning of Nazism, the second world war and the start of the communist dictatorship. To the inhabitants of the border area, where Dobrá Voda is situated, are important above all the consequences of these historical events; because they strongly influenced the destiny of local german inhabitants. The third part show to the reader the village history and history of its inhabitants through the agency of local buildings and...
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